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第八篇 宏观经济学概论 单元测验1：第八篇（宏观经济学概论）
1、 Macroeconomists study
答案: economy-wide phenomena.
2、 Which of the following is not a question that macroeconomists address?
答案: Why does the price of oil rise when war erupts in the Middle East?
3、 Which of the following statistic is usually regarded as the best single measure of a society’s economic well-being?
答案: gross domestic product
4、 Gross domestic product measures two things at once: ( )
答案: the total income of everyone in the economy and the total expenditure on the economy’s output of goods and services.
5、 Which of the following items is included in U.S. GDP?
答案: All the answers are correct.
6、 Tyler and Camille both live in Oklahoma. A new-car dealer in Oklahoma bought a new car from the manufacturer for $18,000 and sold it to Tyler for $22,000. Later that year, Tyler sold the car to Camille for $17,000. By how much did these transactions contribute to U.S. GDP for the year? ( )
答案: $22,000
7、 Which of the following examples of household spending is categorized as investment rather than consumption?
答案: expenditures on new housing.
8、 Suppose an economy produces only cheese and fish. In 2008, 20 units of cheese are sold at $5 each and 8 units of fish are sold at $50 each. In 2007, the base year, the price of cheese was $10 per unit and the price of fish was $75 per unit. For 2008, ( )
答案: nominal GDP is $500, real GDP is $800, and the GDP deflator is 62.5.
9、 In the economy of Wrexington in 2008, real GDP was $25 billion and the GDP deflator was 68. What was Wrexington’s nominal GDP in 2008?
答案: $17 billion
10、 Government purchases include spending on goods and services by
答案: federal, state, and local governments.
11、 When markets fail, which of the following is true?
答案: Government intervention can potentially improve outcomes.
12、 Which of the following is included in U.S. GDP?
答案: The value of production by a Singaporean working in the U.S.
13、 George lived in a home that was newly constructed in 2005 for which he paid $200,000. In 2008 he sold the house for $225,000. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the sale of the house?
答案: The 2008 sale affected neither 2008 GDP nor 2005 GDP.
14、 Which of the following domestically produced items is not included in GDP?
答案: All the items are included in GDP.
15、 Tim mows the yard for his neighbors. He spends $1 on gas and charges them $20 for each lawn he mows. What’s the total contribution to GDP each time Tim mows a yard?
答案: $20
16、 Gasoline is considered a final good if it is sold by a
答案: gasoline station to a motorist in Los Angeles.
17、 Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole.
答案: 正确
18、 Macroeconomic statistics tell us about a particular household, firm, or market.
答案: 错误
19、 The goal of macroeconomics is to explain the economic changes that affect many households, firms, and markets simultaneously.
答案: 正确
20、 The basic tools of supply and demand are as central to macroeconomic analysis as they are to microeconomic analysis.
答案: 正确
21、 GDP can measure either the total income of everyone in the economy or the total expenditure on the economy’s output of goods and services, but GDP cannot measure both at the same time.
答案: 错误
22、 GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced by a country’s citizens in a given period of time.
答案: 错误
23、 GDP includes only the value of final goods because the value of intermediate goods is already included in the prices of the final goods.
答案: 正确
24、 The government purchases component of GDP includes salaries paid to soldiers but not Social Security benefits paid to the elderly.
答案: 正确
25、 If the value of an economy’s imports exceeds the value of that economy’s exports, then net exports is a negative number.
答案: 正确
26、 If nominal GDP is $12,000 and the GDP deflator is 80, then real GDP is $15,000.
答案: 正确
27、 Macroeconomic statistics include GDP, the inflation rate, the unemployment rate, retail sales, and the trade deficit.
答案: 正确
28、 Macroeconomic statistics tell us about a particular household, firm, or market
答案: 错误
29、 Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole
答案: 正确
30、 The basic tools of supply and demand are central to microeconomic analysis but are of little use to macroeconomics
答案: 错误
31、 GDP is the most closely watched economic statistic because it is thought to be the best single measure of a society’s economic well-being.
答案: 正确
32、 GDP can measure either the total income of everyone in the economy or the total expenditure on the economy’s output of goods and services, but GDP cannot measure both at the same time.
答案: 错误
33、 For an economy as a whole, income must exceed expenditure.
答案: 错误
34、 GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time
答案: 正确
35、 At a rummage sale, you buy two old books and an old rocking chair; your spending on these items is not included in current GDP
答案: 正确
36、 The government computes measures of income other than GDP because these other measures usually tell different stories about overall economic conditions
答案: 错误
第九篇 国民收入的来源与分配 单元测验10：第九篇（国民收入的来源与分配）
1、 If there are constant returns to scale, the production function can be written as( )
答案: Y/L = A F( 1, K/L, H/L, N/L).
2、 An economy’s production function has the constant-returns-to-scale property. If the economy’s labor force doubled and all other inputs stayed the same, then real GDP would( )
答案: increase, but not necessarily by either 50 percent or 100 percent.
3、 Given that a country’s real output has increased, in which of the following cases can we be sure that its productivity also has increased?
答案: It is unable to judge.
4、 The inputs used to produce goods and services are also called（）
答案: factors of production.
5、 The Peapod Restaurant uses all of the following to produce vegetarian meals. Which of them is an example of physical capital?
答案: the tables and chairs in the restaurant
6、 Net exports must equal zero for any economy
答案: All the answers are correct.
7、 According to the definitions of private and public saving, if Y, C, and G remained the same, an increase in taxes would ( )
答案: lower private saving and raise public saving.
8、 A larger budget surplus
答案: reduces the interest rate and raises investment.
9、 Dilbert’s Incorporated produced 5,000,000 units of accounting software in 2004. At the start of 2005 the pointy-haired boss reduced total annual hours of employment from 10,000 to 8,000 and production was 4,800,000. These numbers indicate that productivity
答案: rose by 20%.
10、 In a closed economy, what does (Y – T – C) represent?
答案: private saving
11、 The most important factors of production are capital and labor.
答案: 正确
12、 Like physical capital, human capital is a produced factor of production.
答案: 正确
13、 As capital per worker rises, output per worker rises. However, the increase in output per worker from an addition to capital is smaller, the larger is the existing amount of capital per worker.
答案: 正确
14、 Consumption depends positively on disposable income—the amount of income after all taxes have been paid. The higher disposable income is, the greater consumption is.
答案: 正确
15、 The quantity of investment goods demanded depends negatively on the real interest rate.
答案: 正确
16、 Government purchases are a measure of the dollar value of goods and services purchased indirectly by the government.
答案: 错误
17、 The financial system coordinates investment and saving, which are important determinants of long-run real GDP
答案: 正确
18、 National saving is equal to Y – T – C.
答案: 错误
19、 Public saving is equal to national saving minus private saving.
答案: 正确
20、 If, for an imaginary closed economy, investment amounts to $10,000 and the government is running a $2,500 deficit, then private saving must amount to $12,500.
答案: 正确
第十篇 货币与通货膨胀 单元测验11：第十篇（货币与通货膨胀）
1、 Commodity money is( )
答案: money with intrinsic value.
2、 Which of the following statements is correct? ( )
答案: All items that are included in M1 are included also in M2.
3、 Which of the following items is included in the M2 definition of the money supply? ( )
答案: money market mutual funds
4、 The money supply in Muckland is $100 billion. Nominal GDP is $800 billion and real GDP is $400 billion. What are the price level and velocity in Muckland? ( )
答案: The price level is 2 and velocity is 8.
5、 Which of the following is not implied by the quantity equation? ( )
答案: With constant money supply and velocity, an increase in output creates a proportional increase in the price level.
6、 The Fisher effect ( )
答案: says there is a one for one adjustment of the nominal interest rate to the inflation rate.
7、 Shawn puts money into an account. One year later he sees that he has 5 percent more dollars and that his money will buy 6 percent more goods. ( )
答案: The nominal interest rate was 5 percent and the inflation rate was -1 percent.
8、 As the price level rises, the value of money ( )
答案: falls, and people desire to hold more of it.
9、 People can reduce the inflation tax by( )
答案: reducing cash holdings.
10、 When the money supply and the price level in countries that experienced hyperinflation are plotted on a graph against time, we see that( )
答案: the price level grew at about the same rate as the money supply.
11、 People can reduce the inflation tax by
答案: reducing cash holdings.
12、 The shoeleather cost of inflation refers to
答案: the waste of resources used to maintain lower money holdings
13、 Suppose one year ago the price index was 120 and Maria purchased $20,000 worth of bonds. One year later the price index is 126. Maria redeems his bonds for $22,250 and is in a 40 percent tax bracket. What is Maria’s real after-tax rate of interest to the nearest tenth of a percent?
答案: 1.8 percent
14、 Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which of the following cases would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?
答案: Inflation is 4 percent; the tax rate is 5 percent
15、 Which of the following are costs incurred by people trying to protect themselves from the effects of inflation?
答案: menu costs and shoeleather costs
16、 The data on hyperinflation show a clear link between the quantity of money and
答案: the price level.
17、 Suppose that M is fixed but that P falls. According to the quantity equation which of the following could both by themselves explain the decrease in P?
答案: Y rose, V fell
18、 If P = 4 and Y = 450, then which of the following pairs of values are possible?
答案: M = 600, V =3
19、 If velocity = 5, the price level = 1.5, and the real value of output is 2,500, then the quantity of money is
答案: 750.00
20、 Which of the following is correct?
答案: All the answers are correct.
21、 M2 is both larger and more liquid than M1.
答案: 错误
22、 The Federal Reserve primarily uses open-market operations to change the money supply.
答案: 正确
23、 The quantity theory of money implies that if output and velocity are constant, then a 50 percent increase in the money supply would lead to less than a 50 percent increase in the price level.
答案: 错误
24、 When the value of money is on the vertical axis, an increase in the price level shifts money demand to the right.
答案: 错误
25、 Considering inflation, the nominal interest rate relevant for money demand is r + Ep.
答案: 正确
26、 The quantity theory of money implies that if output and velocity are constant, then a 50 percent increase in the money supply would lead to less than a 50 percent increase in the price level.
答案: 错误
27、 In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.
答案: 错误
28、 The Fisher effect says that increases in the inflation rate lead to one-to-one increases in nominal interest rates.
答案: 正确
29、 The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.
答案: 错误
30、 The goal of the consumer price index is to gauge how much incomes must rise to maintain a constant standard of living.
答案: 正确
31、 The money demand curve shifts to the left when the Fed buys government bonds.
答案: 错误
32、 As the price level falls, the value of money falls
答案: 错误
33、 If the quantity of money demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, then the value of money rises.
答案: 正确
34、 An excess supply of money is eliminated by a falling price level
答案: 错误
35、 An excess supply of money is eliminated by a decrease in the value of money
答案: 正确
36、 Real GDP measures output of final goods and services in physical terms.
答案: 错误
37、 According to the Fisher effect, if inflation rises then the nominal interest rate rises.
答案: 正确
38、 If the real interest rate is 5% and the inflation rate is 3%, then the nominal interest rate is 8%.
答案: 正确
39、 Suppose the nominal interest rate is 10 percent, the tax rate on interest income is 28 percent, and the inflation rate is 6 percent. Then the after-tax real interest rate is -3.2 percent.
答案: 错误
40、 If inflation is higher than expected, then borrowers make nominal interest payments that are less than they expected.
答案: 错误
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